英语虚拟语气用法总结？若与现在事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。如：If I knew her number I could ring her up.（2）与过去事实相反。若与过去事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，那么，英语虚拟语气用法总结？一起来了解一下吧。
英语四级重点语法知识：虚拟语气
虚拟语气的考点为：
would rather+that从句+一般过去时;
It is vital/ necessary/ important/ urgent/ imperative/ desirable/ advisable/ natural/ essential+that+(should)动词原形;
proposal/suggestion+that+动词原形;
It is time/about time/high time+that+一般过去时;
lest+that+should+动词原形;
if only+that+would+动词原形。
在虚拟语气中，除了记住一套与时态相对应的规范用法之外，以下几点也是不容忽视的：
l、名词性从句中要用过去时或should+动词原型构成虚拟语气。如：Itistimewewenthome.
2、wouldrather,hadrather后的从句动词用相当于陈述语气的过去时来表示现在或将来发生的动作。如：Iwouldratheryouwentwithher.我宁愿你跟她走。
英语虚拟语气的用法有条件句、目的句、宾语句等。
1、条件句。
If he doesn't hurry up，he will miss the bus.
如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。（真实）。
If he is free，he will ask me to tell stories.
如果他有空，他会要求我讲故事。（真实）。
If I were you，I would go at once.
如果我是你，我马上就会去。（我不可能是你。非真实，虚拟语气，与现在事实相反）。
2、目的句。
She examined the door again for fear that a thief (should) come in.
她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。
He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer.
他走近说话的人以便能听得更清楚。
3、宾语句。
They’ve arranged that I should absent myself for part of the meeting.
他们安排好让我一部分时间不在开会现场。
虚拟语气的用法
1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中,表示祝愿,命令.
May you be happy.
May you have a good time.祝愿你玩的痛快.
May the friendship between us last long.祝愿我们的友情天长地久.
Have a good journey!祝愿你旅途愉快!You go out!你出去!
2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中.动词 wish,suggest,order,insist,propose,等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气,宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望、要求.
I wish she would be on my side.我希望她能站在我一边.
I wish I could help him.我希望我能帮助他.
He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿.
动词 demand,suggest,order,insist,propose 后面的从句中,"should" 可以省略.
The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了.
He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服.
3) 虚拟语气用在主语从句中.
在句型 "It is important (necessary,strange,natural) that ." 中,that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用：should + 动词原形.
Its necessary that we should have a walk now.我们有必要出去散散步.
Its natural that she should do so.她这样做是很自然的.
Its important that we should take good care of the patient.重要的是我们要照顾好病人.
在英语语法中，虚拟语气（Subjunctive mood）是一种特殊的语气，用于表示假设、愿望、建议、命令、推测等情况。虚拟语气通常用在从句中，而主句可以使用各种时态。
1. 表示假设
虚拟语气常用于表示假设或条件语句，通常与 if 连用。例如：
If I were you, I would study harder.（如果我是你，我会更加用功学习。）
If she had known the truth, she would have acted differently.（如果她当时知道了真相，她会采取不同的行动。）
2. 表示愿望
虚拟语气也常用于表示愿望或希望。例如：
I wish I were taller.（我希望我能更高。）
May you have a wonderful birthday.（祝你生日愉快。）
3. 表示建议、命令
虚拟语气还可以用于表示建议或命令。
一.概念: 动词虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望, 假设, 猜测, 建议, 请求, 意图, 设想等未能或不可能成为事实的情况, 或者在说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况, 而不表示客观存在的现实
二.虚拟语气的表现形式: 通过句中谓语动词的特殊形式来表现. 这些特殊形式与谓语动词的某些时态相同, 但它们只表示语气, 而不表示时态, 但含有一定的时间概念
虚拟语气的用法
一.虚拟语气在简单句中的用法: 谓语动词用原形或may +动词原形
1.表示祝愿
a. Long live our country.
b. May you succeed.
c. May you be happy all your life.
2.表示命令
a. Everybody leave the room.
二.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法: (使用虚拟语气的含条件句的复合句称为真实条件句)
1.表示与现在事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用动词的过去式 (be动词的过去式多用were, 而不用was), 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might +动词原形 (should多用于第一人称, would多用于二三人称, could / might可用于所有人称)
a. If I had more time, I should study computer better.
b. If he were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon.
c. If they didn’t take exercises every day, they wouldn’t be so healthy.
d. If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning.
e. If she invited me, I should go to the party.
2.表示与过去事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用had done形式, 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might + have done的形式
a. If she had invited me yesterday, I should have gone to the party.
b. I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday’s exam.
c. If you had taken the teacher’s advice, you would not have failed in the exam.
3.表示与将来事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语形式是: ①.完全动词过去式 (be的过去式通常用were); ②.should +动词原形; ③.were to do. 其中②, ③种情况都含有出乎意料之外之意; 主句的谓语的形式是: should / would / could / might +动词原形
a. If she should invite me tomorrow, I should go to the party.
b. If it rained / should rain / were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.
c. If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him.
d. I might come back if I were to miss the train.
三.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中用法的几个变体:
1.条件从句省略if: 在书面语中, 如果条件从句中的谓语中有were, had, should等词, 可将if省略, 而把were, had, should放在句首
a. Were I you (=If I were you ), I would get up early very early.
b. Had you arrived (=If you had arrived ) at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.
2.省略条件从句或主句, 省略部分的含义仍有所体现. 省略主句时, 表示己不能实现的愿望
a. You could have done it yourself (if you had wanted to).
b. I wouldn’t smoke (if I were you).
c. If my old friends were with me! (要是老朋友和我在一起该多好啊)
d. If you could have seen the wonderful film!
3.主从句时间不一致时, 主从句谓语动词的形式取决于要表示的具体时间
a. You would speak English well if you had practised speaking it every day.
b. If she hadn’t trained so hard, she wouldn’t be able to run so fast.
4.假设的条件不以条件从句, 而以其他方式如介词短语、从句等表达出来, 这种句子称为含蓄条件句
a. What would you do with a million dollars?
b. Without music, the world would be a dull place.
c. We could have done better with more money.
d. He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.
四.虚拟语气在as if / though从句中的用法:
1.表示与现在事实相反或对相在情况有所怀疑, as if / though从句谓语用过去式
a. He speaks English so well as if she had studied English in England.
b. She looked as if she were ill.
2.表示与过去事实相反的情况, as if / though从句谓语用过去完成式
a. The machines operated as if it had been repaired.
五.虚拟语气在含even if / though从句的复合句中的用法:
在此类复合句中, 若表示与事实相反, 可用虚拟语气形式. 主从句的谓语动词形式与非真实条件句相同
a. Even if I were rich, I would work.
六.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法:
如果表示说话人的看法, 想法或意见, 在句型 It is / was + adj. + that从句中, 主语从句中可用虚拟语气. 主语从句中谓语动词用should do表示现在或将来情况, 用should have done表示过去情况
a. It is necessary that you should clean the lab before you left.
b. It is important that you should take the doctor’s advice.
c. It was very strange that he should have left without say goodbye.
七.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法:
1.在wish的宾语从句中, 通常表示不可能实现或没有实现的愿望, 常用虚拟语气
①.wish的宾语从句用过去式, 表示现在或将来没有实现或不可能实现的愿望
a. I wish I knew the result of the match now.
b. I wish it were spring here all the year round.
c. I wish I could help you.
d. I wish I were young.
②.wish的宾语从句用过去完成式, 表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望
a. We wish we had got the film tickets last night.
b. I wish you I had met him yesterday.
③.wish的宾语从句若用would, 则一般表示请求, 对现状不满或希望未来有所改变
a. I wish the prices would come down.
b. I wish you would help me.
c. I wish he would be more careful.
d. We wish you would spend the holiday with us.
2.在动词suggest (建议), advise (建议), demand (要求), require (要求), order (命令), insist (坚持)后的宾语从句中, 谓语动词常用( should )+动词原形的虚拟语气形式
a. I suggested that we should go there at once.
b. I demand that he should answer me at once.
c. The doctor insisted that the patient should stay in bed for two weeks.
d. The officer ordered that the soldiers should stop playing.
与名词suggestion建议 / advice 建议 / demand要求 / request要求 / order命令有关的从句(包括同位语从句和表语从句等)中的谓语也用 ( should ) +动词原形
a. The black people made a strong demand that the government ( should ) take steps to change the unfair situation.
b. Their demand is that the government should take steps to change the unfair situation.
c. I was Bill’s suggestion that everybody should have a map.
d. His suggestion was that everybody should have a map.
八.虚拟语气用在句型: It is time that(该做某事了)中: that从句中的谓语动词用过去式
a. It is time we got up.
九.虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中: 表示但愿, 要是就好了, 其中谓语形式与wish的宾语从句相同
a. If only he didn’t drive so fast! ( =I wish he didn’t drive so fast.)
b. If only he had taken the doctor’s advice. ( =I wish he had taken the doctor’s advice.)
c. If only the rain would stop! ( =I wish the rain would stop.)
十.虚拟语气用在would rather / prefer后的that从句中: 表示现在或将来情况谓语动词用过去时形式, 表示过去情况动词用过去完成时形式
a. I would rather he came next Saturday.
b. I would prefer you had seen the film yesterday.
c. I would rather that he painted the house blue
以上就是英语虚拟语气用法总结的全部内容，在英语语法中，虚拟语气（Subjunctive mood）是一种特殊的语气，用于表示假设、愿望、建议、命令、推测等情况。虚拟语气通常用在从句中，而主句可以使用各种时态。1. 表示假设 虚拟语气常用于表示假设或条件语句，通常与 if 连用。例如：If I were you, I would study harder.（如果我是你。
